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LOT 320:
Leon Weliczker, Brygada Smierci (Sonderkommando 1005) Pamietnik, 1st ed., illustr., Łodz 1946, in Polish.
more...
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Start price:
$
50
Buyer's Premium: 20%
More details
VAT: 18%
On Buyer's Premium Only
Users from foreign countries may be exempted from tax payments, according to the relevant tax regulations
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Leon Weliczker, Brygada Smierci (Sonderkommando 1005) Pamietnik, 1st ed., illustr., Łodz 1946, in Polish.
Leon Weliczker, Brygada Smierci (Sonderkommando 1005) Pamietnik, 1st ed., illustr., Łodz 1946, in Polish
Lodz: Centralna Zydowska Komisja, 1946. First Edition, 133 pages; 5 plates – photos an map mapIn Polish. To the Victims of the Brigade of Death.
22.5 x 15.5 cm.
Condition: Original illustrated cover is missing, brown fragile paper; binding started getting, several pages and blocks detached; damping stain near edge of several first pages.
Weliczker was in the Sonderkommando. "Leon Weliczker Wells was born in Lvov, Poland, on March 10, 1925. Wells was a prisoner in the Janowska concentration camp outside Lvov during World War II. He escaped from the camp in an uprising in 1943 and was hidden in the basement of the Kalwinski family on the outskirts of Lvov. Wells kept a written record of his experiences as a member of the "Death Brigade, " and these memoirs were published in Poland after the war and reissued in the United States as The Janowska Road. In 1946 Wells left Poland for the American Zone in Germany, and while in Munich he helped organize the Jewish Historical Commission there. This group gathered documents on the Holocaust which became part of the original collection of the Yad Vashem archive in Israel. Wells gave testimony at both the Nuremberg trials and the Eichmann trial....Wells published Who Speaks for the Vanquished? in 1987. In this work Wells investigated the "non-response" of American Jewish leaders of theplight of Jews in Nazi Europe. He contended that Zionist organizations in America failed to respond in a significant way to save the Jews of Europe because they were focusing their time, influence, and money on preparations for a Jewish state in Palestine"
Leon Weliczker Wells (born March 10, 1925 in Stojanów, Poland; died December 19, 2009 in Fort Lee, New Jersey[1]) was a Polish-American engineer. Between 1942 and 1944 he was imprisoned in the Lemberg-Janowska forced labor camp. In a Sonderkommando 1005 he had to burn the bodies of Nazi victims; He survived the Holocaust by escaping.
Leon Weliczker's Jewish father was a wood merchant in Stojanów, a town on Poland's border with the Soviet Union, and moved with his family to the provincial capital Lviv in 1936. After the German conquest of Poland, Galicia was occupied by the Soviet Union in the fall of 1939 due to the Hitler-Stalin Pact, and the father was dispossessed as a “capitalist”. In June 1941, Weliczker and his sister applied to study at the University of Moscow, [2] but at the beginning of the German-Soviet War, Lviv was occupied by the Germans and the extermination of Jews began there. Weliczker's family was ghettoized and forced into forced labor. Leon was held prisoner in the Janowska Street forced labor camp in Lemberg and, when he was exhausted and ill, narrowly escaped being shot in June 1942. He was able to escape and stayed in Stoljanow and Radziechów until December 1942. He then returned to Lemberg and worked in the ghetto, which had now been renamed the Jewish camp by Hauptscharführer Grzymek[3], whose population was being decimated every day by deportations.
In June 1943, as an inmate of the Janowska Street camp, Weliczker was assigned to the Lemberg boarding squad as part of Action 1005, which was supposed to dig up the victims of mass shootings, burn them and sift out and grind up their bone remains. This command was also deployed in the surrounding towns of Bibrka, Brzuchowice, Pustomyty (Dornfeld) and Jaworiw and as far as the Stanisławów area[4], with the bodies also being transported by truck to the central cremation site.[5] During his imprisonment, Weliczker managed to keep a diary, which was preserved. The majority of the prisoners attempted a breakout on November 19, 1943, and most of those escaping died. A Polish farmer hid Weliczker in a basement under a cattle shed for four months along with 16 other Jews. Weliczker's six siblings and his parents were victims of the murders of the Germans and their helpers. His uncle was murdered on November 16, 1942 in Stojanow by district captain Joachim Freiherr von der Leyen.[6] He was the only one of 76 members of his extended family to survive.
After the liberation of Lviv by the Red Army in April 1944, Weliczker worked in the materials department of the Ukrainian Railway Administration in Lviv and went on procurement trips to Kiev and Moscow. With the Soviet historian Volodymyr Bjelyayev (1909–1990) he discussed a contribution to a publication about the massacre of the Polish university professors in Lemberg, [7] whose bodies had also been deearthed and burned by the Sonderkommando.[5] Wells states that the 38 people were identified before their bodies were burned and names some of them: Kazimierz Bartel, Tadeusz Ostrowski, Włodzimierz Stożek and Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński.
Since Galicia now again fell to Soviet Ukraine, the Polish population was forcibly relocated, and Weliczker moved to Silesia, which was now administered by Poland. There he began studying engineering at the Technical University in Gliwice, now Poland. The Polish historian Filip Friedman got to read Weliczker's notes and in 1946 had the part “Death Brigade. “Sonderkommando 1005” print excerpts.[8] A German edition of this part appeared in 1958.[9], an English version was published in 1963.
In view of the post-war pogroms in Kraków and Kielce, Weliczker moved on to a DP camp in the American occupation zone in Germany and continued his studies at the reopened Munich Technical University. In June 1947, in Munich, he and his fellow prisoners Max Hoenig and David Manucewitz ensured the arrest of Hauptscharführer Johann Rauch, who, in accordance with the Moscow Declaration, was transferred by the American occupying power to the People's Republic of Poland for prosecution.[10] Rauch's family tried to persuade Weliczker to give a favorable testimony at the trial in Krakow; Rauch was sentenced to death on June 24, 1949. Weliczker was also questioned during the investigation into the Nuremberg trial of the main war criminals, but his statement is not in the official files. At the end of August 1946 he was a spectator at some meetings of the Nuremberg military court. At the Einsatzgruppen trial, the leader of Sonderkommando 1005 Paul Blobel was convicted and executed in 1951.
Weliczker received his doctorate in engineering in Munich in 1949 and then emigrated to the United States. At New York University he was an assistant at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences until 1953 and was a research fellow at the Naval Research Office.[1] Since then he has worked as an engineer in the private sector.[11] He now took the name Leon Weliczker Wells. On May 1 and 2, 1961, he was heard as a witness at the Eichmann trial in Jerusalem.[12]
Wells was married and had three children.
